The decree, which is reviewing the schedule of sanctions for unemployed persons not complying with their obligations has been published in the official Journal. This decree arises from the act professional future passed this summer. In this panel, the idea is not only to make the sanctions more consistent, but also to implement the presidential program of Emmanuel Macron, who predicted a hardening of the rules in force. The opportunity for Le Figaro to come back on as do some of our european neighbours.

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Each country has its own culture and the way of control that goes with it:

• in The United Kingdom

in Addition to the Channel, where the unemployment rate is currently 4.2%, this is sort of the "0 tolerance". To receive benefits, the unemployed british are in effect subjected to a regime of drastic job search.

first of All, the unemployed must go to the "Jobcentre Plus" (the british equivalent of Pôle emploi) to go through an interview: they sign including a statement that they are looking for a job and ready to work. The payment of the allowance may cease if the beneficiaries do not comply with their commitments without "good reason". In the "Jobcentre", the unemployed meet every two weeks (at least) one advisor. They must present themselves as soon as they are summoned, at the risk of losing their allocation. Even a delay of ten minutes in an interview can lead to the suspension of aid.

During their job search, the unemployed must fulfil certain obligations. Among them, there is an obligation, "beacon": spend 35 hours per week on an official site to look for work. All of the connections and the clicks are recorded. The job seekers who do not reach this quota, weekly may see their allocations to be removed. Finally, and this is a central point, the unemployed must accept any job provided by the "Jobcentre", under the pain again of losing their allocation.

The allocation, which is called "allocation of job seeker", is actually designed to discourage the British to remain inactive. It is limited to a maximum of six months, subject to a ceiling of 73 pounds per week (400 euros per month) and is not indexed to the last wage. The allowance is also reduced if the spouse of the unemployed person works. Last point, the officers "sworn to" track down the fraudsters, who may incur a fine of from 500 to 7,000 euros, in addition to the suspension of their rights. This sanctions regime has resulted in non-payment of 132 million pounds (about 150 million euros) to allocations in 2015, according to an official report.

in The United Kingdom, the unemployed must search for work 35 hours per week. AFP / timeline (Guillaume Poingt) • In Germany

in Addition to-Rhine, the control of the unemployed has been strengthened with the Hartz laws, enacted between 2003 and 2005. The third law Hartz, the most controversial, was reduced from 32 to 12 the number of months of unemployment benefits paid.

In Germany, the unemployed sign an "integration contract" that details their obligations (to actively seek work, accept any "decent" employment) and results in sanctions if it is not respected. The unemployed must be present for appointment employment agencies ("job Centre"). In regard to the penalties, two cases exist. For the unemployed short-term, a failure translates into a judgment of compensation payment (of up to 12 weeks), or even the suppression of the rights to unemployment in case of recurrence. For the long-term unemployed, whose compensation is low, a failure results in a reduction of the payments for three months.

Another point: all the unemployed are entitled to three weeks vacation per year, but they cannot leave without the permission of the advisor. The rest of the time, they must be able to be contacted on all working days. If an unemployed person is sick, he must disclose his agency and, after three days, provide a medical certificate.

The unemployment rate in Germany is now at a historically low level (3.6 percent), but some observers believe that this trend has been accompanied by an increase of the precariousness.

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In Germany, the job seekers can not go on vacation without the permission of their advisor. AFP / timeline (Guillaume Poingt) • In Northern Europe

In Denmark, a country of "flexicurity", an unemployed worker who has paid contributions to an unemployment insurance fund (non-mandatory) may receive, during two years, 90% of his salary calculated on the basis of the best available twelve months of the past two years, up to a ceiling of 2,500 euros monthly. The benefits are not degressive.

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In return, it must report regularly to their agency, participate in training, applying for jobs (two per week at a minimum), and accept the first proposal within a period of 24 hours. In case of refusal, he is deprived of the allowance. The beneficiary shall consult with the tender at least every seven days and his account will be online all day, because he is held to reply to for an appointment for the next day. It exposes a simple callback after two failures in 12 months. In the third, it is written off and can not recover his rights only after working 300 hours in three months.

If the recipient is not present at a meeting, he loses his allowance until he reports to his agency. An evaluation interview will take place after three, and then six months of compensation. In case of doubt or misconduct proved to its obligations, the unemployed, the risk of a complete removal of the allowances.

In Sweden, an unemployed person registered at the national agency for employment and who have contributed for at least one year is compensated for 300 days (five days per week). He receives 80% of salary for the first 200 days, then 70%. Except in the particular situation (child care or adult dependent for example), it has the obligation to accept any offer with, in a first time, a geographical limit him to return nightly to his home. After a period of "reasonable", it must accept a job not allowing him to go home only once a week.

It is also required to prepare an online activity report each month, reporting its research during the preceding month. If he does not, he receives a warning and at the end of five, it is canceled and cannot claim to be ainsurance unemployment after having reworked. In case of refusal of job offer, be absent during a meeting or a training aid for return to employment, three warnings are enough to be written off, with suspension of benefits for 45 days from the first warning.

• Southern Europe

In Italy, in fact, there is no control. The unemployed don't even need to point. But the duration and the amount of their allowances are much lower than ours.

for Spain, until 2012 there was really no control to know if an unemployed person was looking actually for a job. Since a reform came into force and the control of the unemployed has been strengthened: renewal every three months of registration and compulsory presentation to a convocation of the employment agency. In addition, the unemployed must attest to their availability to actively seek employment and accept a placement. If they do not fulfil these obligations, it is inferred that they are not interested in looking for a job and are sanctioned, or even written off.

Finally, in Portugal, as long as the job seeker receives unemployment allowance, he is obliged to accept a suitable position or to follow a vocational training corresponding to his / her profile. It must also be able to prove that he is actively seeking employment and must comply with the control measures of the employment agencies.

From 2016, however, there is more required to visit these centres in order to point and prove that he is seeking a job. In the case of non-compliance with the rules, the unemployed person is at risk of losing its benefits. From next year, the government has decided to increase controls to combat fraud. It provides for the crosschecking of the services of the social security that pay unemployment benefits, and those of the Institute for training and employment.

Date Of Update: 04 January 2019, 00:00