RELEASE: Huawei Reveals Top 10 Smart PV Trends for a Greener Future (1)

(Information sent by the signatory company).

RELEASE: Huawei Reveals Top 10 Smart PV Trends for a Greener Future (1)

(Information sent by the signatory company)

SHENZHEN, China, Dec. 27, 2022 /PRNewswire/ -- Huawei held the Top 10 Trends of Smart PV (photovoltaic) conference, with the theme "Acceleration of Solar Power as Main Power Source". At the conference, Chen Guoguang, President of Huawei Smart PV ESS Business, shared Huawei's insights into the 10 trends of Smart PV from the perspectives of multi-scenario collaboration, digital transformation, and enhanced security.

As the proportion of renewable energy continues to rise, the photovoltaic industry has taken on a breakneck growth; however, the industry still faces many challenges, including how to continue to reduce the levelized cost of energy (LCOE), how to improve O&M efficiencies, how to maintain power grid stability as more renewables are introduced, and how to ensure end-to-end system security.

"Amid the rapid growth of the photovoltaic industry, these challenges also bring opportunities," said Chen Guoguang. As a forward-thinking company, Huawei is willing to share our insights and thoughts with our partners, as well as with organizations and individuals interested in green and sustainable development.

Trend 1: ESS PV Generator

As more renewable energy enters power grids, several complex technical issues arise in terms of system stability, power balance, and power quality.

Therefore, a new control mode is needed to increase active/reactive power control and responsiveness, and actively mitigate frequency and voltage fluctuations. With the integration of PV and ESS as well as Grid Forming technology, we can build 'Smart PV ESS Generators' that use voltage source control instead of current source control, provide strong inertia support, transient voltage stabilization and fault handling capabilities. This will transform PV power from grid tracking to grid formation, which will help to increase PV power.

A milestone in the practice of these technologies was the Red Sea project in Saudi Arabia, in which Huawei provided a complete set of solutions including an intelligent PV controller, a lithium battery energy storage system (BESS) as one of the main partners. This project uses 400 MW PV and 1.3 GWh ESS to support the electrical grid that replaces traditional diesel generators and provides clean and stable energy for one million people, building the world's first city powered by 100% renewable energy.

Trend 2: High density and reliability

The high power and reliability of the equipment in photovoltaic plants will be the trend. Let's take photovoltaic inverters as an example; today, the DC voltage of inverters is increased from 1100V to 1500V. With the application of new materials such as silicon carbide (SiC) and gallium nitride (GaN), as well as the full integration of digital, power electronics and thermal management technologies, it is estimated that the power density of inverters will increase by about 50% in the next five years, and high reliability can be maintained.

The 2.2 GW PV plant in Qinghai, China, is located 3,100 meters above sea level and has 9,216 Huawei smart PV controllers (inverters) that work stably in this harsh environment. The total availability hours of Huawei inverters exceed 20 million hours and the availability reaches 99.999%.

Trend 3: Module Level Power Electronics (MLPE)

Driven by industry policies and technological advancement, distributed photovoltaics has witnessed vigorous development in recent years. We are faced with challenges such as how to improve rooftop resource utilization, ensure high energy performance, and how to ensure the safety of the PV ESS system. Therefore, more refined management is a must.

In a PV system, Module Level Power Electronics (MLPE) refers to power electronic equipment that can perform refined control on one or more PV modules, including microinverters, power optimizers, and disconnectors. MLPE brings unique values ​​such as module-level power generation, control, and safe shutdown. As PV systems become more secure and intelligent, the penetration rate of MLPE in the distributed PV market is expected to reach 20-30% by 2027.

Trend 4: String energy storage

Compared with traditional centralized ESS solutions, the Smart String ESS solution adopts distributed architecture and modular design. It uses innovative technologies and intelligent digital management to optimize power at the battery pack level and control power at the rack level. This results in more discharge energy, optimal investment, easy operations and maintenance, as well as safety and reliability throughout the entire life cycle of the ESS.

In 2022, in the 200MW/200MWh ESS project in Singapore for frequency regulation and rotating standby purposes, the largest BESS project in Southeast Asia, Smart String ESS implements refined charging and discharging management to achieve output of constant power for longer. time and ensure the benefits of frequency regulation. In addition, the SOC automatic calibration function at the battery pack level reduces labor costs and greatly improves the efficiency of O

Trend 5: Refined management at the cellular level

Like PV systems moving towards MLPE, lithium BESSs will be developed towards a smaller management level. Only refined management at the battery cell level can better address efficiency and safety issues. Currently, the traditional battery management system (BMS) can only summarize and analyze limited data, and it is almost impossible to detect faults and generate warnings at the early stage. Therefore, BMS must be more sensitive, intelligent and even predictive. This depends on the collection, computation and processing of vast amounts of data and artificial intelligence technologies to find the optimal operating mode and make forecasts.

Trend 6: PV ESS Grid Integration

On the power generation side, we are seeing more and more clean energy base construction practices of PV ESSs that supply electricity to load centers via UHV power transmission lines. On the energy consumption side, virtual power plants (VPPs) are becoming increasingly popular in many countries. VPPs combine massive distributed PV, ESS and controllable loads, and implement flexible scheduling for power generation units and storage units to achieve peak clipping etc.

Therefore, building a stable power system integrating PV ESS Grid to support PV power supply and grid feed will become a key measure to ensure energy security. We can integrate digital, power electronics and energy storage technologies to achieve multi-energy complementation. Virtual Power Plants (VPPs) can intelligently manage, operate, and trade power from massively distributed PV ESS systems through multiple technologies, including 5G, AI, and cloud technologies, which will be put to use in more countries.

Trend 7: Updated security

Safety is the cornerstone of the development of the PV and ESS industry. This requires us to systematically consider all scenarios and links and fully integrate power electronics, electrochemistry, thermal management and digital technologies to improve system security. In a PV plant, faults caused by the DC side account for more than 70% of all faults. Therefore, the inverter must support intelligent string disconnection and automatic connector detection. In the distributed PV scenario, the AFCI (Arc Fault Circuit Breaker) function will become a standard configuration, and the module-level rapid shutdown function will ensure the safety of maintenance personnel and firefighters. In the ESS scenario, multiple technologies such as power electronics, cloud, and artificial intelligence must be used to implement refined ESS management from battery cells to the complete system. The traditional protection mode based on passive response and physical isolation is changed to active automatic protection, implementing multi-dimensional security design from hardware to software and from structure to algorithm.

Trend 8: Security and reliability

In addition to bringing benefits, PV systems also have various risks, including equipment safety and information security. The safety risks of the equipment refer mainly to the stoppage caused by breakdowns. Information security risks refer to attacks on external networks. To address these challenges and threats, businesses and organizations must establish a comprehensive set of "safety and reliability" management mechanisms, including the reliability, availability, security, and resiliency of systems and devices. We must also put in place the protection of personal and environmental safety, as well as data privacy.

Trend 9: Digitization

Conventional PV plants have a large amount of equipment and lack information gathering and information channels. Most teams cannot 'talk' to each other, which is very difficult to implement for sophisticated management.

With the introduction of advanced digital technologies such as 5G, the Internet of Things (IoT), cloud computing, sensing technologies, and big data, PV plants can send and receive information, using "bits" (information streams) to manage "watts". (energy flows). The entire generation-transmission-storage-distribution-consumption link is visible, manageable and controllable.

Trend 10: AI application

As the energy industry moves into an age of data, how to best collect, use, and maximize the value of data has become a top industry-wide concern.

AI technologies can be widely applied to renewable energy fields and play an indispensable role in the entire PV ESS life cycle, including manufacturing, construction, operation and maintenance, optimization, and operation. The convergence of AI and technologies such as cloud computing and big data is deepening, and the tool chain that focuses on data processing, training, model deployment and operation, and monitoring will be enriched. of security. In the field of renewable energy, AI, like power electronics and digital technologies, will drive a profound transformation of the industry.

In the end, Chen Guoguang commented that the converging applications of 5G, cloud and AI are shaping a world where all things can feel, all things are connected, and all things are intelligent. It's coming faster than we think. Huawei identifies the top 10 trends in the PV industry and outlines a green and smart world in the near future. We hope that people from all walks of life can come together to achieve carbon neutrality goals and build a better, greener future.

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